1. Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab and Haryana?
a) Mining
b) Over grazing
c) Over irrigation
d) Deforestation
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans : c) Over irrigation

2. Which one of the following is the major soil found in the Deccan trap?
a) Alluvial
b) Laterite
c) Regur
d) Black
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans: (d) Black

3. Which one of the following is the latest arrival in modes of transportation in the map of India?
a) Airways
b) Pipelines
c) Roadways
d) Waterways
(Chapter 7: Life Lines of National Economy)

Ans: (d) Black

4.In which of the following language are the largest number of newspapers published in India?
a) English
b) Hindi
c) Urdu
d) Marathi

Ans:(b) Hindi

5. What are the prime factors for location of the Aluminium industry.
(Chapter 6: Manufacturing Industries)

Ans:Regular supply of electricity and an assured source of raw material at minimum cost are the two prime factors for location of the industry.

6. Through which institute do all public sector undertakings in India market their steel?
(Chapter 6: Manufacturing Industries)

Ans:All public sector undertakings market their steel through, Steel Authority of India Ltd. (SAIL)

7. Who constructs and maintains National Highways in India?
(Chapter 7: Life Lines of National Economy)

Ans: Central Public Works Department (CPWD).

8. Who constructs and maintains State Highways in India?
(Chapter 7: Life Lines of National Economy)

Ans: The State Public Works Department (PWD) in State and Union Territories.

9. Which one of the following is the main cause of land degradation in Orissa?
(a) Overgrazing
(b) Overirrigation
(c) Deforestation due to mining
(d) Intensive cultivation
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans:(c) Deforestation due to mining

10.Which one of the following states has an abundance of water resources but lacks in Infrastructural development?
(a) Punjab
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Andhra Pradesh
(d) Uttar Pradesh

Ans: (b) Arunachal Pradesh

11.What is the economic importance of the plateau region?

Ans:It possesses rich reserves of minerals, fossil fuels and forests.

12.Name any two activities which caused the greatest damage to the Indian forest during the Colonial period.

Ans: Due to the expansion of the railways, agriculture, commercial and scientific forestry and mining activities.

13.Why are a variety of food crops and non-food crops grown in India?

Ans: A variety of food and non food crops are grown in different parts of the country depending upon the variations in soil, climate and cultivation practices.

14.What should be done to prevent mining from becoming a killer Industry?

Ans:Stricter safety regulations and implementation of environmental laws are essential to prevent mining from becoming a killer industry.

15.Why is the Iron and Steel industry called a basic industry?

Ans:The iron and steel Industry is the basic industry, since all the other industries heavy, medium and light, depend on it for their machinery.

16.What is the importance of water transport?
(Chapter 7: Life Lines of National Economy)

Ans:Waterways are the cheapest means of transport. They are most suitable for carrying heavy and bulky goods.

17.Which one of the following ports was developed soon after Independence to ease the volume of trade on the Mumbai port?
(a) Paradip
(b) Kochi
(c) Kandla
(d) Tuticorin
(Chapter 7: Life Lines of National Economy)

Ans: (c) Kandla

18.Which one of the following industries is an Agro based industry?
(a) Sugar
(b) Automobile
(c) Steel
(d) Aluminium
(Chapter 6: Manufacturing Industries)

Ans: (a) Sugar

19.What are Biotic Resources?
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans: Resources obtained from biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock etc.

22.What are Abiotic Resources?
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans:All those things which are composed of non-living things are called abiotic resources. For example, rocks and metals.

23.Classify resources on the basis of origin.
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans: On the basis of origin – biotic and abiotic.
Biotic: resources obtained from biosphere and have life such as human beings, flora and fauna, fisheries, livestock etc. Abiotic: All those things which are composed of non-living things are called abiotic resources. For example, rocks and metals.

24.Classify resources on the basis of exhaustibility.
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans: On the basis of exhaustibility – renewable and non-renewable.
Renewable Resources: The resources which can be renewed or reproduced by physical, chemical or mechanical processes are known as renewable or replenishable resources. Non-Renewable Resources: These occur over a very long geological time. These resources take millions of years in their formation.

25.Classify resources on the basis of ownership.
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans: On the basis of ownership – individual, community, national and international.

26.Classify resources on the basis of development.
(Chapter 1: Resources and Development)

Ans: On the basis of status of development – potential, developed stock and reserves.