1.What is Cold War?
Ans:
The Cold War was an outcome of the emergence of the two superpowers rival to each other.
The Cuban Missile Crisis was a high point of what came to be known as the Cold War.
The end of the Second World War was also the beginning of the Cold War.
2.In the decade of 1960s,name the agreements signed by the US and the USSR?
Ans:
The agreements signed between US and USSR in the year 1960 are :
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3.What is meant by "Western Alliance"?
Ans:
The western alliance, headed by the US, represented the ideology of liberal democracy and
capitalism.
4.The Military alliance formed by USA was ______________.
(a) Warsaw Pact
(b) NATA
(c) NAM
(d) SEATO
Ans: (d) SEATO
5.Mention the two ideologies which were involved in a major conflict during the Cold War era.
Ans: The western alliance, headed by the US, represented the ideology of liberal democracy and capitalism while the eastern alliance, headed by the Soviet Union, was committed to the ideology of socialism and communism.
6.Why super powers need alliances with the smaller states.
Ans:
The smaller states were helpful for the superpowers in gaining access to:
(i) vital resources, such as oil and minerals,
(ii) territory, from where the superpowers could launch their weapons and troops,
(iii) locations from where they could spy on each other, and
(iv) economic support, in that many small allies together could help pay for military expenses.
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7.Which among the following statements about the Cold War is wrong?
a) It was a competition between the US and Soviet Union and their respective allies.
b) It was an ideological war between the superpowers.
c) It triggered off an arms race.
d) the US and USSR were engaged in direct wars.
Ans: (d) the US and USSR were engaged in direct wars
8.Which among the following statements does not reflect the objectives of NAM
a) Enabling newly decolonised countries to pursue independent policies
b) No to joining any military alliances
c) Following a policy of "neutrality" on global issues
d) Focus on elimination of global economic inequalities
Ans: (c) Following a policy of "neutrality" on global issues
9.Mark correct or wrong against each of the following statements that describe the features of
the military alliances formed by the superpowers.
a) Member countries of the alliance are to provide bases in their respective lands for the
superpowers.
b) Member countries to support the superpower both in terms of ideology and military strategy.
c) When a nation attacks any member country, it is considered as an attack on all the member
countries.
d) Superpowers assist all the member countries to develop their own nuclear weapons.
Ans:
(a) => True
(b) => True
(c) => True
(d) => False
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10. Here is a list of countries. Write against each of these the bloc they belonged to during
the Cold War.
a) Poland
b) France
c) Japan
d) Nigeria
e) North Korea
f) Sri Lanka
Ans:
Poland - Warsaw Pact
France - NATO
Japan - NATO
Nigeria - NAM
North Korea - Warsaw Pact
Sri Lanka - NAM
11. The Cold War produced an arms race as well as arms control. What were the reasons for both these developments?
Ans:
Following are the reasons that proves cold war produced arms race as well as arms control:
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12.Why did the superpowers have military alliances with smaller countries? Give three reasons.
Ans:
The smaller states were helpful for the superpowers in gaining access to:
(i) vital resources, such as oil and minerals,
(ii) territory, from where the superpowers could launch their weapons and troops,
(iii) locations from where they could spy on each other, and
(iv) economic support, in that many small allies together could help pay for military expenses.
13.During the second world war, name two countries of Allied powers and two countries of Axis powers.
Ans:
The Allied Forces, led by the US, Soviet Union, Britain and France.
The Axis Powers led by Germany, Italy and Japan.
14.What is Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty?
Ans:
Allows only the nuclear weapon states to have nuclear weapons and stops others from acquiring
them. For the purposes of the NPT, a nuclear weapon state is one which has manufactured and
exploded a nuclear weapon or other nuclear explosive device prior to 1 January 1967. So there
are five nuclear weapon states: US, USSR (later Russia), Britain, France and China.
15.Name the founders of Non-aligned movement.
Ans:
Yugoslavia’s Josip Broz Tito, India’s Jawaharlal Nehru, Egypt’s leader Gamal Abdel Nasser,
Indonesia’s Sukarno and Ghana’s Kwame Nkrumah.These five leaders came to be known as the
five founders of NAM.
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16.In which way did the policy of Non-Alignment serve India’s interests?
Ans:
A non-aligned served India’s interests very directly, in two ways:
17.Discuss the main events of the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Ans: