Class 12 Sociology - Indian Society : Chapter 2 - The Demographic Structure of the Indian Society Questions and Answers

List of Questions and Answers

1. Demography is the systematic study of ____________.
a) population
b) culture
c) economics
d) statistics

Ans: a) population

2. The word demography comes from Greek origin and is composed of the two words where demos means ______ and graphien implying ___________.
a) society, democracy
b) people, describe
c) population, trends
d) none of the above

Ans: b) people, describe

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3.The ______ refers to the number of live births per 1000 women in the child-bearing age group, usually taken to be 15 to 49 years.
a) fertility rate
b) birth rate
c) total fertility rate
d) none of the above

Ans: a) fertility rate

4.Identify one of the reasons for population explosion :
a) disease control
b) low birth rate
c) low death rate
d) none of the above

Ans: a) disease control

5.The term Demography is of Greek origin and is composed of two words demos meaning ________ and graphien implying ___________.

Ans: people , describe

6.According to Robert Malthus, population rises in ___________ progression whereas agricultural production grows in _______________ progression.

Ans: geometric progression , arithmetic progression

7.The principal reasons for the decline in the death rate after 1921 were increased levels of control over famines and __________ diseases.

Ans: epidemic

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8.The National Family Planning Programme was renamed as the National Family ______________ after the Emergency.

Ans: Welfare Programme

9.The book "An essay on the principle of population" was written by :
a) Thomas Robert Malthus
b) Marxist
c) Max Weber
d) none of the above

Ans: a) Thomas Robert Malthus

10._________________is primarily concerned with the measurement and analysis of the components of population change.

Ans: Formal demography

11.________________ enquires into the wider causes and consequences of population structures and change.

Ans: Population studies or social demography

12.Who is related with the theory of population growth ?
a) Sorokin
b) Malthus
c) Weber
d) Toneez

Ans: b) Malthus

13. What is the origin of the word "demography"?
a) Latin
b) Greek
c) French
d) Arabic

Ans: b) Greek

14. According to Malthus, population growth tends to occur in which progression?
a) Arithmetic progression
b) Exponential progression
c) Geometric progression
d) Linear progression

Ans: c) Geometric progression

15. According to Malthus, what is the primary cause of poverty?
a) Lack of economic resources
b) Unequal distribution of wealth
c) Overpopulation and imbalance between food production and population growth
d) High taxes and poor economic policies

Ans: c) Overpopulation and imbalance between food production and population growth

16. What did Malthus believe was the "positive check" to population growth?
a) Economic development
b) Famines and diseases
c) Technological advancement
d) Government control of population growth

Ans: b) Famines and diseases

17. In the first stage of demographic transition, what factors contribute to low population growth?
a) High birth rates and low death rates
b) High birth rates and high death rates
c) Low birth rates and high death rates
d) Low birth rates and low death rates

Ans: b) High birth rates and high death rates

18. What is the primary reason for the decline in the sex ratio in countries like India and China?
a) Higher life expectancy for men
b) Gender preference for boys
c) Higher infant mortality rates among girls
d) Natural sex imbalance at birth

Ans: b) Gender preference for boys

19. Which social groups have historically lower literacy rates in India?
a) Upper caste communities
b) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
c) Urban populations
d) High-income groups

Ans: b) Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

20. Demographic data are not important for which of the following
a) planning and implementation of state policies
b) economic development
c) general public welfare
d) preventing disintegration of joint families

Ans: d) preventing disintegration of joint families